ACCES I/O PRODUCTS INC
10623 Roselle Street, San Diego, CA. 92121
tel. (858) 550-9559 FAX (858) 550-7322
DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT CARD
MODEL IOD-144
USER MANUAL
File: MIOD144.B2b
DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT CARD
IOD-144
USER MANUAL
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
CD INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
3.5-INCH DISKETTE INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
DIRECTORIES CREATED ON THE HARD DISK . . 1-2
INSTALLING THE CARD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
BLOCK DIAGRAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
OPTION SELECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
OPTION SELECTION MAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
ADDRESS SELECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
ADDRESS ASSIGNMENTS FOR PC XT . . . . . . . . . 4-1
SOFTWARE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
SETUP.EXE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
WINDOWS UTILITY DRIVERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
PROGRAMMING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
PORT ADDRESS SELECTION TABLE . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
PROGRAMMING EXAMPLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4
SAMPLE PROGRAMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5
SHARING INTERRUPTS ON THE ISA BUS . . . . . 6-13
CONNECTOR PIN ASSIGNMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
SPECIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
WARRANTY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
PPI DATA SHEETS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2
i
DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT CARD
IOD-144
USER MANUAL
INSTALLING THE CARD
Before installing the card carefully read the ADDRESS SELECTION and OPTION
SELECTION Sections of this manual and configure the card according to your require-
ments. Use the special software program called SETUP.EXE provided on diskette with
the card. It supplies visual aids to configure all areas of the board.
Be especially careful with address selection. If the addresses of two installed functions
overlap, you will experience unpredictable computer behavior. If unsure what locations
are available, you can use the FINDBASE program provided on our diskette to locate
blocks of available addresses.
To install the card:
1. Remove power from the computer.
2. Remove the computer cover.
3. Remove blank I/O backplate.
4. Install jumpers for selected options. See OPTION SELECTION section of
this manual.
5. Select the base address on the card. See ADDRESS SELECTION
section of this manual.
6. Loosen the nuts on the strain relief bar and swing top end free.
7. Install the card in an I/O expansion slot. If convenient, select a slot which
is adjacent to a vacant slot because this will make cable installation
easier.
8. Thread the I/O cables, one by one through the cutout in the mounting
bracket and plug them into the headers.
9. Smooth the cables as close as practicable to the card and while holding
them close to the card surface, swing the strain relief bar into position
and tighten nuts.
10. Inspect for proper fit of the card and cables and tighten screws. Make
sure that the card mounting bracket is properly screwed into place and
that there is a positive chassis ground.
11. Replace the computer cover.
Input/Output connections are via six 50-pin headers on the card. A blank mounting
bracket is provided with units that are marked for CE (European) Certification and, for
these units, CE-certifiable cable and break-out methodology (cables connected to
ground at the aperture, shielded twisted pair wiring, etc.) must be used.
1-1
DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT CARD
IOD-144
USER MANUAL
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
FEATURES
144 Channels of Digital Input/Output.
All 144 I/O Lines Buffered on the Board.
Four and Eight Bit Groups Independently Selectable for I/O.
Hysteresis Correction and Pull-Down Resistors on I/O Lines.
Interrupt and Interrupt-Disable Capability.
Tri-stateable I/O ports under software control.
+5V Supply Available to User.
Compatible with Industry Standard I/O Racks like Opto-22, Potter & Brumfield, etc.
APPLICATIONS
Automatic Test Systems.
Security Systems, Energy Management.
Robotics
Relay Monitoring and Control.
Parallel Data Transfer to PC.
Sensing switch closures or TTL, DTL, CMOS Logic.
Driving Indicator Lights or Recorders.
The IOD-144 board was designed for industrial applications and should be installed in a
long slot of an IBM PC/XT/AT or compatible computer. Each I/O line is buffered and
capable of sourcing 15mA, or sinking 24mA (64mA on request). The board contains five
Programmable Peripheral Interface chips type 8255-5 (PPI) to provide computer in-
terface to 144 digital I/O lines. Each PPI provides three 8-bit ports A, B, and C. Each
8-bit port can be configured to function as either inputs or output latches. Port C can
also be configured as four inputs and four output latches. The I/O line buffers (74LS245)
are configured automatically by hardware logic for input or output use according to the
PPI 8255-5 Control Register direction software assignment.
The I/O buffers may be tristated under program control. If the BEN/TST jumper on the
card is installed in the BEN position, the I/O buffers are permanently enabled allowing
transparent backwards compatibility. However, if the jumper is placed in the TST
position, enable/disable of the buffers is possible under software control.
Two I/O lines of each port can be used for interfacing User Interrupts to the computer.
Interrupts are buffered and are enabled by jumper installation or by a combination of
jumper installation and a digital input line. You can use Interrupts #2 through #7, #10
through #12, #14 and #15. Interrupts of all ports (one per port) are OR'ed together. I/O
wiring connections are via 50-pin headers on the board. Six flat I/O cables connect
2-1
DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT CARD
IOD-144
USER MANUAL
IOD-144 to termination panels such as ACCES model STA-50. Also, this provides
compatibility with OPTO-22, Gordos, Potter & Brumfield, etc. module mounting racks.
Every second conductor of the flat cables is grounded to minimize the effect of crosstalk
between signals. If needed for external circuits +5VDC power is available on each I/O
connector pin 49. If you use this power, we recommend that you include a 1A fast blow
fuse in your circuits in order to avoid possible damage to the host computer.
The board occupies 24 consecutive bytes within the I/O address space. The base
address is selectable via ADDRESS SETUP DIP switches (A5-A9) anywhere within the
hex 000-3FF range.
Utility software provided on diskette with the IOD-144 card is an illustrated setup
program. Interactive displays show locations and proper settings of DIP switches and
jumpers to set up board address, interrupt levels, and interrupt enable. Additionally, two
sample programs and a utility driver for use with VisualBASIC for Windows are
provided. See the Software section of this manual for a detailed description of the latter.
IOD-144 BLOCK DIAGRAM
2-2
DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT CARD
IOD-144
USER MANUAL
OPTION SELECTION
Refer to the illustrated setup programs on the diskette provided with the card when
reading this section of the manual. Also, refer to the OPTION SELECTION MAP on the
following page.
Base address selection is covered both by the diskette and in the next section of this
manual.
Interrupts are accepted on the I/O connector, pin 9 (port C3). The interrupt signal is
positive true. Interrupts are unconditionally enabled if the IEN jumper is installed, or
enabled by program if the INP jumper is installed and I/O connector pin 1 (port C) is low.
Interrupts are disabled if (a) neither the IEN or INP jumper is installed, or (b) if the INP
jumper is installed but I/O connector pin 1 (port C7) is held high. User interrupts are
directed to interrupts #2 through #7, #10 through #12, #14 and #15 by jumpers installed
at locations labeled IRQ2 through IRQ15.
The foregoing are the only manual setups necessary to use the IOD-144. Input/Output
selection is done, via software, by writing to the PPI 8255-5 Control Registers as
described in the PROGRAMMING section of this manual.
IOD-144 provides a means to enable/disable the tristate I/O buffers under program
control. If the BEN/TST jumper on the card is installed in the BEN position, the I/O
buffers are permanently enabled. However, if the jumper is placed in the TST position,
enable/disable of the buffers is possible under software control via the Control Register
as described in the Software Programming section of this manual.
3-1
DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT CARD
IOD-144
USER MANUAL
OPTION SELECTION MAP
3-2
DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT CARD
IOD-144
USER MANUAL
ADDRESS SELECTION
The IOD-144 Input/Output Card occupies 24 bytes of I/O space. The card base address
can be selected anywhere within an I/O address range 000-3FF hex. If all 144 bits are
to be used in an AT-class computer, the base address can be set anywhere within the
address range hex 100-390 (except 1F0 through 1F8). If to be used in an XT-class
computer, the starting address can be as above except the lowest starting address is
200 hex.
However two installed options can not share the same address. If in doubt where to
assign the base address of the IOD-144, refer to the tables below and consult the
FINDBASE program on the utility diskette.
STANDARD ADDRESS ASSIGNMENTS FOR PC XT COMPUTERS
Hex Range
Usage
000-00F
020-021
040-043
060-063
080-083
0AX
DMA Chip 8237A-5
Interrupt 8259A
Timer 8253-5
PPI 8255A-5
DMA Page Register
NMI Mask Register
Reserved
0CX
OEX
Reserved
Not Usable
100-1FF
200-20F
210-217
220-24F
278-27F
2F0-2F7
2F8-2FF
300-31F
320-32F
378-37F
380-38C**
380-389**
3A0-3A9
3B0-3BF
3C0-3CF
3D0-3DF
3E0-3E7
3F0-3F7
3F8-3FF
Game Control
Expansion Unit
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Asynchronous Comm'n (Secondary)
Prototype Card
Fixed Disk
Printer
SDLC Communications
Binary Synchronous Comm. (Secondary)
Binary Synchronous Comm. (Primary)
IBM Monochrome Display/Printer
Reserved
Color/Graphics
Reserved
Diskette
Asynchronous Comm'n (Primary)
** These options can not be used together - addresses overlap
4-1
DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT CARD
IOD-144
USER MANUAL
To set desired board address, refer to the illustrated Board Address setup program on the
Utility diskette provided with the card. Type the desired address in hexadecimal code and
the graphic display shows you how to set the ADDRESS SETUP switches. Theseswitches
are marked A5-A9 and form a binary representation of the address in negative-true logic.
Assign '0' to all ADDRESS SETUP switches turned ON, and assign '1' to all ADDRESS
SETUP switches turned OFF.
The following example illustrates switch selection corresponding to hex 2C0 (or binary 10
110 xxxxx) The "xxxxx" represents address lines A4, A3, A2, A1, and A0 used on the card
to select individual registers at the PPIs. See Section 6, PROGRAMMING.
Hex Representation
Conversion Multipliers
Binary Representation
Setup
2
D
2
1
1
0
8
1
4
2
0
1
OFF
A9
ON
A8
OFF
A7
OFF
A6
ON
A5
Switch ID
CAUTION
Review the address selection reference table
carefully before selecting the card address. If the
addresses of two installed functions overlap you
will experience unpredictable computer behavior.
4-2
DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT CARD
IOD-144
USER MANUAL
SOFTWARE
ACCES supplies several programs to support the IOD-144 Digital I/O card and, also, to
helpyou developyour applications software. These programs are on a diskettethat comes
with your card and consist of a Setup program and three sample programs. The sample
programs are in forms suitable for use with BASIC, QuickBASIC, C, and Pascal. The
programs as follows:
Ž
Ž
SETUP.EXE IOD-144 Board Setup Program
SAMPLE1 A program that writes a sequence of values to Port A and
reads and displays the values in Ports A & B.
Ž
SAMPLE2 A "C" program that displays the bits in Ports A & B and,
when an interrupt occurs, polls those same bits.
Ž
Ž
FINDBASE Program locates active and available port addresses.
VBACCES A VisualBASIC utility driver that includes PEEK and POKE
statements for reading and writing RAM as well as I-
NPORT and OUTPORT for reading and writing I/O. The
driver is in the form of a DLL and allows you to access
hardware as if the language was designed for it when you
use VisualBASIC for Windows.
SETUP.EXE
This program is supplied with the IOD-144 card as a tool for you to use in configuring
jumpers and switches on the card. It is menu-driven and provides pictures of the card on
the computer monitor. You make simple keystrokes to select the functions. In turn, the
pictures then change to show how the jumpers or switches should be placed to effect your
choices.
The setup program is a stand-alone program that can be run at any time. It does not
require the IOD-144 to be plugged into the computer for any part of the setup. The
program is self-explanatory with operation instructions and on-line help.
To run this program, at the DOS prompt, enter SETUP.EXE followed by the [ENTER] key.
5-1
DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT CARD
IOD-144
USER MANUAL
WINDOWS UTILITY DRIVERS
ACCES provides drivers for use with 16- and 32-bit Windows languages. ACCES32, a 32-
bit driver, provides hardwareregister access when writing software for Windows 95/98/NT.
The same hardware level access is provided for16-bit applications usingVBACCES, a16-
bit driver for VisualBASIC 3.0. Both drivers are in the form of a .DLL and sample code is
included that demonstrates their use. Together, these files allow you to access the port
and main memory space in a fashion similar to BASIC, QuickBASIC, Pascal, C/C++,
Assembly, and most other standard languages using the four functions listed below.
To use VBACCES, you must create a .MAK file (File l New Project) similar to the sample
provided (or else, modify your existing project file) and include the .GBL file (File |
Add File). To use ACCES32, refer to the sample code for the language -specific
commands for adding the DLL to the project.
InPortb
Function:
Reads a byte from a hardware port. Due to limitations of VisualBASIC,
the number is returned in an integer.
Declaration: function InPortb(byval address as integer) as integer
InPort
Function:
Reads an integer from a hardware port. This function returns the 16-bit
value obtained from reading the low byte from address and the high byte
from address+1.
Declaration: function InPort(byval address as integer) as integer
OutPortb
Function:
Writes the lower eight bits of value to the hardware port at address. This
function returns the value output.
Declaration: function OutPortb(byval address as integer, byval
value as integer) as integer
OutPort
Function:
Writes all 16 bits of value to the hardware port at address. This function
returns the value output.
Declaration: function OutPort(byval address as integer, byval value
as integer) as integer
5-2
DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT CARD
IOD-144
USER MANUAL
Note that in all of the above functions, an inherent limitation of BASIC in general and
VisualBASIC in particular makes the values sent less intuitive. All integers in BASIC are
signed numbers, wherein data are stored in two's complement form. All bit patterns must
be converted to-and-from this two's complement form if meaningful display is required.
Otherwise, values returned from the InPortb function will be -128 to 127, rather than 0 to
255. An alternative is toperform all assignments in hexadecimal, rather then decimal form.
Before the program will execute, the .GBL file must be modified to include the path to the
VBACCES.DLL as appropriate for your system. Merely replace the statement "-
VBACCES.DLL" with "drive:path\VBACCES.DLL".
As an alternative to changing the source code, you can copy the VBACCES.DLL file into
your Windows directory. This will allow multiple programs to find the same .DLL without
having to know where it is located. Just leave off all references to a path in the .GBL file
as shown in the sample.
5-3
DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT CARD
IOD-144
USER MANUAL
PROGRAMMING
The IOD-144 is an I/O mapped device that is easily configured from any language and any
language can easily perform digital I/O through the card's ports. This is especially true if
the form of the data is byte or word wide. All references to the I/O ports would be in
absoluteport addressing. However, a tablecould beused to convert the byteor word data
ports to a logical reference.
DEVELOPING YOUR OWN SOFTWARE
If you wish to gain a better understanding of the programs listed in the previous section,
then the information in the following paragraphs will be of interest to you. Follow the
8255-5 Specification in APPENDIX A to program the PPIs on the IOD-144 Digital
Input/Output Card.
A total of 24 address locations are used by the IOD-144 for addressing the PPIs; four for
each PPI. The PPIs are addressed using address bits A3 through A0 (See Address
Selection, section 4 of this manual.) as follows:
PORT ADDRESS SELECTION TABLE
Address
Port Assignment
Operation
Base Address
PA Port 0
PB Port 0
Read/Write
Read/Write
Read/Write
Write Only
Read/Write
Read/Write
Read/Write
Write Only
Read/Write
Read/Write
Read/Write
Write Only
Read/Write
Read/Write
Read/Write
Write Only
Read/Write
Read/Write
Read/Write
Write Only
Read/Write
Read/Write
Read/Write
Write Only
Base Address +1
Base Address +2
Base Address +3
Base Address +4
Base Address +5
Base Address +6
Base Address +7
Base Address +8
Base Address +9
Base Address +A
Base Address +B
Base Address +C
Base Address +D
Base Address +E
Base Address +F
Base Address +10
Base Address +11
Base Address +12
Base Address +13
Base Address +14
Base Address +15
Base Address +16
Base Address +17
PC Port 0
Control Port 0
PA Port 1
PB Port 1
PC Port 1
Control Port 1
PA Port 2
PB Port 2
PC Port 2
Control Port 2
PA Port 3
PB Port 3
PC Port 3
Control Port 3
PA Port 4
PB Port 4
PC Port 4
Control Port 4
PA Port 5
PB Port 5
PC Port 5
Control Port 5
6-1
DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT CARD
IOD-144
USER MANUAL
The IOD-144 uses six 8255-5 PPIs to provide a total of 144 bits input/output capability.
The card is designed to use each of these PPIs in mode 0 wherein:
a. There are two 8-bit ports (A and B) and two 4-bit ports (C Hi and C Lo).
b. Any port can be configured as an input or an output.
c. Outputs are latched.
d. Inputs are not latched.
Each PPI contains a control register. This Write-only, 8-bit register is used to set the
mode and direction of the ports. At Power-Up or Reset, all I/O lines are set as inputs.
Each PPI should be configured during initialization by writing to the control registers even
if the ports are going to be used as inputs. Output buffers are automatically set by
hardware logic according to the control register. Control registers are located at base
addresses +3, +7, +B, +F, and +17. Bit assignments in each of these control registers are
as follows:
Bit
Assignment
Function
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
Port C Lo (C0-C3) 1 = Input, 0 = Output
Port B 1 = Input, 0 = Output
Mode Selection 1 = Mode 1, 0 = Mode 0
Port C Hi (C4-C7) 1 = Input, 0 = Output
Port A
1 = Input, 0 = Output
01 = Mode 1, 00 = Mode 0
1X = Mode 2
D5,D6 Mode Selection
D7 Mode Set Flag
1 = Active
NOTE:
Contact ACCES for directions if you wish to operate this
card in mode 1. This card cannot be operated in mode 2
IOD-144provides a means to enable/disable the tristate I/O buffers under program control.
If the BEN/TST jumper on the card is installed in the BEN position, the I/O buffers are
permanently enabled. However, if the jumper is placed in the TSTposition, enable/disable
of the buffers is possible under software control via the Control Register as follows:
a.
b.
The card is initialized in the receive mode by the computer Reset command.
When bit D7 of the Control Register is set high, the direction of the three ports
of the associated PPI chip as well asthe mode can be set. For example, a write
to Base Address+3 with data bit D7 high programs port direction of Port 1 ports
6-2
DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT CARD
IOD-144
USER MANUAL
A, B, and C. If, for example, hex 80 is sent to Base Address+3, the Port 0 PPI
will be configured in mode 0 with ports A, B, and C as outputs.
But, at the same time, data bit D7 is also latched in a buffer controller for the
associated PPI chip. A high state disables the buffers and, thus, all associated buffers
will be put in the tristate mode; i.e., disabled.
c.
When you wish to enable the output buffers, send anormal PPI mode command
with bit D7 low. For, example, if a control byte of hex 80 had been sent as
previously described, and it is now desired to open the three ports, you can
send a control byte of hex 00 to Base Address+3 to enable the port 0 buffers.
NOTE
All data bits except D7 must be the same for the two control bytes
c.
Those buffers will now remain enabled until another control byte with data
bit D7 high is sent to Base Address+3.
Those buffers will now remain enabled until another control byte with data bit D7 high
is sent to Base Address +3.
6-3
DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT CARD
IOD-144
USER MANUAL
PROGRAMMING EXAMPLE
The following programming example is providedas a guideto assist you in developing
your working software. In this example, the card base address is 2D0 hex and I/O
lines of Port 0 are to be setup as follows:
port A
port B
= Input
=Output
port C hi = Input
port C lo =Output
Configure bits of the Control Register as:
D7
1
D6
0
D5
0
D4
1
D3
1
D2
0
D1
0
D0
0
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|____ Port C Lo = output
|_________ Port B = output
|______________ Mode 0
|___________________ Port C Hi = input
|________________________ Port A = input
|_____________________________ Mode 0
|__________________________________ Mode 0
|_______________________________________ Active Mode Set
This corresponds to 98 hex. If the card base address is 2D0 hex, use the BASIC OUT
command to write to the control register as follows:
10
20
BASEADDR=&H2D0
OUT BASEADDR+3,&H98
To read the inputs at Port A and the upper nybble of Port C, use the BASIC INPUT
command:
30
40
X=INP(BASEADDR)
Y=INP(BASEADDR+2)/16
'Read Port A
'Read Port C Hi
To set outputs high ("1") at Port B and the lower nybble of Port C:
6-4
DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT CARD
IOD-144
USER MANUAL
50
60
OUT BASEADDR+1,&HFF
OUT BASEADDR+2,&HF
'Turn on all Port B bits
'TurnonallbitsofPortC Lo
SAMPLE PROGRAMS
The following sample programs are in TURBO-C and TURBO-PASCAL languages.
They cover a security system that allows you to monitor the status of 16 switches and
to automatically trigger four alarms that can be used to turn on lights, activate a siren,
or send a signal to a silent alarm. The alarm system in this demonstration has four
arming stations which toggle the alarm on or off. These programs are also provided
on the diskette that ACCES supplied with your IOD card.
TURBO-PASCAL PROGRAM
CONST BASEADDR = $300;
{declare base address for IOD card}
{declare some useful constants}
CONST ON
CONST OFF
= 1;
= 0;
{
"
"
"
"
}
TYPE sensor_array = array[0..15] of integer; {creates a type of variable used for}
{ sensor data}
VAR sensors_at_arm : sensor_array; {bit-by-bit status of sensors when alarm is
{activated. Used to notify user of open windows, etc}
VAR sensors_now : sensor_now; {bit-by-bit status of sensors at current time. When}
{compared against sensors_at_arm, indicates}
{ break-in if there is a change.}
{variables representing all four arming stations}
VAR arming_stations : integer;
VAR old_arming_stations: integer; {If value changes toggle alarm on/off}
VAR hour, min., sec., hun. : word; {variables used to retrieve time}
VAR key : char;
VAR i : integer;
{useful temporary variable}
{useful temporary variable, used in loops}
VAR j : integer;
procedure initialize_board;
{
"
"
"
" "
" }
{this procedure sets MODE 0 as active and sets}
{and sets Port A, B, and C LO as input and Port }
{C HI as output}
begin
port[BASEADDR+3] :=$93;
{port[X] is Pascal's method of accessing the port}
{memory. This code sets the port memory at}
{address 303 hex, and the control register, to 93}
{hex because the bit pattern to set the desired}
{mode and port designations is 10010011 which}
{equals 93 hex}
end; {procedure initialize_board}
procedure read_sensors(VAR ary:sensor_ary);
VAR tempA : byte;
VAR tempB : byte;
{this procedure fetches data from Ports A }
{and B and returns a binary representation}
6-5
DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT CARD
IOD-144
USER MANUAL
{of each sensor}
begin
tempA := port[BASEADDR]; {this procedure loads tempA and tempB} {with cor-
responding inputs from the Card}
tempB := port[BASEADDR+1];
for i := 0 to 7 do begin
if ((tempA shr i) AND ON) > 0 then {this tests to see if bit #i is ON and sets the}
ary[i]:=ON
else
ary[i]:=OFF
end;
for i:=0 to 7 do begin
if ((tempB shr i) AND ON) > 0 then
ary[i+8]:=ON {in order to get Port B into array, elements}
else
ary[i+8]:=OFF;
end;
{corresponding array element to ON if it is}
{else, the array element is set to OFF}
{8 thru 15, we add 8 to the bit numbers in }
{in the assignment}
end;{procedure read_sensors}
function get_status:integer;
var temp:integer;
begin
{this sets status to the lower nybble of Port}
temp:=port[BASEADDR+2]; {;the half defined by Initialize to be input for}
get_status:=temp AND $0F; {four arming switches}
end; {function get_arming_status
procedure ALARM
var temp:longint;
begin
sound(2000);
{this starts the computer's speaker which }
{acts as siren for the alarm}
temp:=0
port[BASEADDR+2]:=$F;
repeat
{this sets Port C's lower nybble bits to ON}
arming_stations:=get_status {this activates four alarm outputs and then}
if arming_stations <> old_arming_stations then {toggles Port C Hi's LSB which}
temp:=2000000000; {disarmed}{might be used with an external siren}
port[BASEADDR+2]:=port[BASEADDR+2] XOR $10;
temp:=temp+1;
until temp>=2000000000;
nosound;
end; {procedure ALARM}
begin
initialize_board;
clrscr;
gotoxy(5,5);
6-6
DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT CARD
IOD-144
USER MANUAL
writeln('This is the IOD card demonstration program. This ');
writeln('program will simulate an alarm system program for ');
writeln('sixteen sensors and four arming stations, along with');
writeln('four separate alarm outputs which could be routed to');
writeln('a siren, lights, silent alarm,etc');
writeln;
writeln('THIS PROGRAM IS INTENDED FOR DEMONSTRATION PURPOSES,');
writeln('ONLY AND IS NOT MEANT TO BE USED AS AN ACTUAL ALARM ');
writeln('SYSTEM.');
writeln;writeln;
writeln('Press any key to begin program.');
key:readkey;
old_arming_stations:=get_status; {this loads the status of the arming switches}
repeat
clrscr;
{at the time the program is first activated. A}
{change in status would indicate arming}
{would indicate arming}
read_sensors(sensors_now); {this reads the current status of the sensors}
for i=0 to 15 do begin
if sensors_now[i]=OFF then
writeln('Sensor #',i,'is open');
end;
{which is then displayed to indicate open }
{windows, etc}
writeln;
writeln('Press ESC to re-scan, RETURN to begin alarm scanning.');
key:=readkey;
until key=#13;
{the repeat/until loop gives the user an}
{opportunity to shut open windows or doors}
{and then re-scan the sensors}
clrscr;
WHILE TRUE do begin
{this WHILE is used to form an infinite loop}
Writeln('Waiting to be armed, or press any key to halt program.');
repeat {this repeat/until-loop continues until arming}
arming_stations:=get_status; {station status changes, indicating arming}
if key pressed then halt(1); {arming, or until a key is pressed terminating}
(the program}
until arming stations <> old arming stations;
sound(900);
armed}
{short tone indicating alarm has been
delay(300);
nosound;
{ "
{ "
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
" }
" " " " }
writeln('Alarm system will activate in 15 seconds');
read_sensors(sensors_at_arm);
old_arming_stations : get_status;
gettime(hour,min,sec,hun);
{this code reads the system clock}
6-7
DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT CARD
IOD-144
USER MANUAL
i:=sec+15;
if i > 60 then i :=i-60;
repeat
{for the current time which is}
{used to delay for 15 seconds}
gettime(hour,min,sec,hun);
until sec = i;
writeln;
{end of delay loop}
writeln('ALARM SYSTEM ACTIVE AND ARMED');
sound(900);
delay(300);
no sound;
j:=0
{short tone indicating that alarm}
{is fully activated}
{the following code compares current}
{status of sensors against status when}
{armed to determine if break-in has occurred}
{break-in has occurred.. Any change indicates break-in}
repeat
read_sensors(sensors_now);
for i:= 1 to 16 do begin
if sensors_now[i-1] <> sensors_at_arm[i-1]then
j:=1;
end;{for}
arming_stations: get_status;
if arming_stations <> old_arming_stations then
j:= -i;
{flag used to signal that alarm is}
{de-activated}
until j <> 0;
if j = -1 then begin
{if j was set to -1 in the above loop, then} {alarm is
de-activated}
gettime(hour,min,sec,hun);
writeln('Alarm deactivated at ', hour,':',min,':',sec);
sound(900);
{the following code chirps the speaker to}
{indicate disarming}
delay(100);
no sound;
delay(50);
sound(900);
delay(100);
nosound;
end
else {if alarm}begin
{end of disarming routine}
writeln('Sensor #', j,' has been activated!!');
gettime(hour,min,sec,hun);
writeln('The time of alarm is ',hour,':',min,':',sec);
ALARM;
end;
{else}
end;
{WHILE this "end" sends the program back}
6-8
DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT CARD
IOD-144
USER MANUAL
{to wait to be re-armed}
end.
TURBO-C PROGRAM
#define BASEADDR 0x300 /*declare base address for IOD card*/
#define ON
#define OFF
1
0
/*create useful constant*/
/* " " */
"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "conio.h"
#include "time.h"
#include "dos.h"
int sensors_at_arm[15];
int sensors_now[15];
/*bit-by-bit status of sensors at current time. When*/
/*compared against status of sensors at arm, indicates
*/
/*break-in if there is a change.*/
int arming_stations;
int_old_arming_stations;
char key;
int i;
int j;
/*variables representing all four arming stations. If the*/
/*value changes, toggle alarm ON/OFF*/
/*useful temporary variable*/
/*useful temporary variable used in loops*/
/*useful temporary variable*/
initialize(){
outportb(BASEADDR+3,0x93);
/*outportb(addr,byte) is C's method of */
/*accessing port memory. This procedure sets*/
/*cPort A, B, and C LO as inputs and Port C Hi as*/
/*outputs. Address hex 303 is the control register */
/*The bit pattern needed to set the desired mode */
/*and port designation is 10010011, 93 hex */
} /*procedure initialize*/
read_sensors(int *ary){
unsigned char tempA;
unsigned char tempB;
tempA = inportb(BASEADDR);
tempB = inportb(BASEADDR+1);
for(i-0;i<8;i++){
if((tempA>> i) & ON){ /*this determines if bit #i is on and sets the
corresponding*/
*ary++=ON;}
else{
*ary++=OFF;
/*array element to ON if it is. If not, sets the array */
/*to OFF*/
}
for(i=0;i<8;i++){
6-9
DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT CARD
IOD-144
USER MANUAL
if((tempB>> i) & ON){
*ary++=ON; }
else
*ary++=OFF;}
}
} /*procedure read_sensors*/
get_status(){
int temp;
temp=inportb(BASEADDR+2); /*this sets status to the lower half of Port C, the*/
/*of Port C, half defined in Initialize to be input, */
/*for four arming switches*/
return temp & 0x0F;
} /*function get_arming_status*/
ALARM(){
long int temp=0;
sound(2000);
/*this starts the computer's speaker*/
outportb(BASEADDR+@,0xF0); /*this sets Port C upper nybble bitsto ON*/
/*(1111 binary = F hex).*/
do{
arming_stations=get_status();
if(arming_stations !=old_arming_stations) /*Port C Hi LSB which might be used*/
temp=2000000000; /*dis-armed*/ /*with an external speaker*/
/*this activates 4 alarm outputs and then toggles*/
outportb(BASEADDR+2,inportb(BASEADDR+2)^0x10);
}while(temp++ !=2000000000);
nosound();
} /*procedure ALARM*/
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=--=-=-=-=-=-=-=
main()
{
time_t start;
initialize();
clscr();
goto(5,5);
printf("This IOD-card demonstration program simulates an alarm\n");
printf("system program for 16 sensors, four arming stations and\n");
printf("four separate alarm outputs which could be routed to a\n");
printf("siren, lights, silent alarm, etc.\n");
printf("\n");
printf("THIS PROGRAM IS FOR DEMONSTRATION PURPOSES ONLY, AND
IS\n");
6-10
DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT CARD
IOD-144
USER MANUAL
printf("NOT MEANT TO BE USED AS AN ACTUAL ALARM SYSTEM.\n");
printf("\n");printf("n");
printf("Press any key to begin program.\n");
key=getch();
old_arming_stations=get_status();
do{
clrscr();
read_sensors(sensors_now);
for(i=0;i<=15;i++){
if (!sensors_now[i]) printf("Sensor #%d %s\n,i,"is open");
}
printf("\n");
printf("Press ESC to re-scan, RETURN to begin alarm scanning.");
key=getch();
}while(key!=13);
clrscr();
for(;;){ /*this creates an infinite loop*/
printf("Waiting to be armed. Press any key to halt program.\n");
do{
arming_stations=get_status();
if(kbhit()) abort(0);
}while(arming_stations== old_arming_stations);
sound(1000);
delay(300);
nosound();
printf("Alarm system will activate in 15 seconds");
read_sensors(sensors_at_arm);
old_arming_stations=get_status();
start=time(NULL);
do{
}while(difftime(time(NULL),start) !=15);
printf("\n");
printf("ALARM SYSTEM ACTIVE AND ARMED\n\n");
sound(900);
delay(300);
nosound();
j=0;
do{
read_sensors(sensors_now);
for(i=1;i<=16;i++){
if(sensors_now[i-1] !=sensors_at_arm[i-1])
j=i;
} /*for*/
arming_stations = get_status();
if (arming_stations != old_arming_stations)
6-11
DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT CARD
IOD-144
USER MANUAL
j=-1
/*flag used to signal alarm is
de-activated*/
while(!j);
if(j == -1){
start=time(NULL);
printf("Alarm deactivated at %s,(asctime(gmtime(&start))));
sound(900); delay(300);
nosound(); delay(50);
sound(900); delay(100);
nosound();
}
else {
printf("Sensor #%d has been activated!!\n\n",j);
start=time(NULL);
printf("The time of alarm is %s", asctime(gmtime( &start)));
old_arming_stations=get_status();
ALARM();
} /*else*/
} /* for(;;) this "end" used to send program back to await re-arm*/
}
6-12
DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT CARD
IOD-144
USER MANUAL
SHARING INTERRUPTS ON THE ISA BUS
As noted on pages 2-1 and 3-1, IOD-144 can accept external interrupts via bit C3 at each
24-bit group. On occasion, however, a system application will require more interrupt
levels than are available on the ISA bus. While not recommended, IRQ sharing is
possible. Each card that is going to share an IRQ must strictly adhere to a special
standard for accessing the IRQ line as follows:
a.
b.
The interrupt must be held in a high impedance state until asserting an
interrupt.
The interrupt must be asserted in the form of a low signal lasting at least 500
nanoseconds followed by a rising edge and then immediately returning to a
high impedance condition.
c.
The card must contain a status register or flag of some kind to indicate that it
generated the interrupt. There is an exception to this rule. This is the case
where only one card of those sharing the interrupt level does not provide a
status bit to indicate that it asserted the interrupt but is otherwise capable of
sharing the IRQ. In this case, it may share the interrupt level with other cards
if (a) it is the only card on that IRQ level that does not have a status bit, and
(b) it is installed onto the IRQ vector first. (This makes it the last card to be
called in the vector chain.) This scheme will work because it can be assumed
that, if every other card in the vector chain did not cause the interrupt, then the
last card must be the one that did.
Note that, if two cards assert the IRQ line within 500 nanoseconds of each other, the
second card in the ISR chain will not be serviced. It's possible to alleviate this problem
by writing a single ISR that can detect the bit flag on every card and, therefore, detect the
fact that two (or more) cards report generating an interrupt even though only one interrupt
was processed by the CPU.
6-13
DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT CARD
IOD-144
USER MANUAL
CONNECTOR PIN ASSIGNMENTS
Six 50-pin headers are provided on the IOD-144 card; one for each group of 24 I/O lines.
The mating connector is an AMP type 1-746285-0 or equivalent. Connector pin
assignments are listed below. Notice that every second line is grounded to minimize
crosstalk between signals.
Assignment
Pin
Assignment
Pin
Port C Hi PC7*
Port C Hi PC6
Port C Hi PC5
Port C Hi PC4
1
3
5
7
Ground
2
"
"
"
4
6
8
Port C Lo PC3**
Port C Lo PC2
Port C Lo PC1
Port C Lo PC0
9
11
13
15
Ground
10
12
14
16
"
"
"
Port B PB7
Port B PB6
Port B PB5
Port B PB4
Port B PB3
Port B PB2
Port B PB1
Port B PB0
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
Ground
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
Port A PA7
Port A PA6
Port A PA5
Port A PA4
Port A PA3
Port A PA2
Port A PA1
Port A PA0
33
35
37
39
41
43
45
47
Ground
34
36
38
40
42
44
46
48
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
+5 VDC
49
Ground
50
NOTES
* This line is an I/O port and also an Interrupt Enable.
** This line is an I/O port and also a User Interrupt.
7-1
DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT CARD
IOD-144
USER MANUAL
SPECIFICATIONS
Features
144 Channels of Digital Input/Output.
All 144 I/O Lines Buffered on the Board.
Four and Eight Bit Groups Independently Selectable for I/O.
Hysteresis Correction and 1KS Pull-Down Resistors on I/O Lines.
Interrupt and Interrupt-Disable Capability.
Tristate-able outputs
+5V Supply Available to User.
Compatible with Industry Standard I/O Racks like Opto-22, Potter & Brumfield, etc.
Digital Inputs
Logic High: 2.0 to 5.0 VDC.
Logic Low: -0.5 to +0.8 VDC.
Input Load (Hi): 20 uA.
Input Load (Lo): -200 uA.
Digital Outputs
Logic High: 2.5 VDC min., source 15 mA.
Logic Low: 0.5 VDC max., sink 24 mA.(64 mA optional)
Power Output: +5 VDC from computer bus (ext. 1A fast blow fuse recommended).
Power Requirements: +5 VDC at 200 mA typical.
Size: 13.1" long.
Environmental
Operating Temperature Range: 0 degr. to 60 degr.C.
Storage Temperature Range: -50 degr. to +120 degr.C.
Humidity: 0 to 90% RH, non-condensing.
8-1
DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT CARD
IOD-144
USER MANUAL
WARRANTY
Prior to shipment, ACCES equipment is thoroughly inspected and tested to applicable
specifications. However, should equipment failure occur, ACCES assures its customers
that prompt service and support will be available. All equipment originally manufactured
by ACCES which is found to be defective will be repaired or replaced subject to the
following considerations.
TERMS AND CONDITIONS
If a unit is suspected of failure, contact ACCES' Customer Service department. Be
prepared to give the unit model number, serial number, and a description of the failure
symptom(s). We may suggest some simple tests to confirm the failure. We will assign a
Return Material Authorization (RMA) number which must appear on the outer label of the
returnpackage. All units/components should be properly packedfor handling and returned
with freight prepaid to the ACCES designated Service Center, and will be returned to the
customer's/user's site freight prepaid and invoiced.
COVERAGE
First Three Years: Returned unit/part will be repaired and/or replaced at ACCES option
with no charge for labor or parts not excluded by warranty. Warranty commences with
equipment shipment.
Following Years: Throughout your equipment's lifetime, ACCES stands ready to provide
on-site or in-plant service at reasonable rates similar to those of other manufacturers in
the industry.
EQUIPMENT NOT MANUFACTURED BY ACCES
Equipment provided but not manufactured by ACCES is warranted and will be repaired
according to the terms and conditions of the respective equipment manufacturer's
warranty.
GENERAL
Under this Warranty, liability of ACCES is limited to replacing, repairing or issuing credit
(at ACCES discretion) for any products which are proved to be defective during the
warranty period. In no case is ACCES liable for consequential or special damage arriving
from use or misuse of our product. The customer is responsible for all charges caused by
modifications or additions to ACCES equipment not approved in writing by ACCES or, if
in ACCES opinion the equipment has been subjected to abnormal use. "Abnormal use"
for purposes of this warranty is defined as any use to which the equipment is exposed
other than that use specified or intended as evidenced by purchase or sales
representation. Other than the above, no other warranty, expressed or implied, shall apply
to any and all such equipment furnished or sold by ACCES.
APPENDIX A
A-1
DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT CARD
IOD-144
USER MANUAL
PPI DATA SHEETS
The data sheets in this Appendix are provided to help your understanding of the 8255-5
PPI which is manufactured by several companies. These data sheets are reprinted with
permission of Mitsubishi Electric Corporation. (Copyright 1987).
The information, diagrams, and all other data included are believed to be correct and
reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by ACCES or Mitsubishi Electric Corp for
their use, nor for any infringement of patents or other rights belonging to third parties
which may result from their use. The values shown on these sheets are subject to change
for product improvement.
A-2
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